Diagnostic criteria for dengue fever (five things to know about dengue fever)
Recently, Guangdong is sometimes too hot, and sometimes it rains non-stop. With the hot and humid weather, the Aedes mosquitoes that spread dengue fever began to multiply, and the season of dengue fever is coming again. Here are five things to know about dengue.
What is dengue fever?
Dengue fever is an acute infectious disease caused by dengue virus, and it is the fastest-spreading mosquito-borne viral infectious disease in the world. The general incubation period is 3-14 days, and the incidence is usually high in summer and autumn.
Is there a “human-to-human” phenomenon of dengue fever?
The vectors of dengue fever in my country are Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti, commonly known as “flower mosquitoes”. They like to hide in dark and humid places, and every morning and evening is the peak time for biting people and sucking blood. When this Aedes mosquito bites a dengue patient or a subclinically infected person, the dengue virus multiplies in the mosquito’s abundant, friendly resource ***. After a breeding period of 8-10 days, the mosquitoes carrying the dengue virus will transmit the virus to the bitten people, making them suffer from dengue fever. However, it cannot be considered a “person-to-person” phenomenon of dengue.
What are the symptoms and sequelae of dengue fever?
The clinical manifestations of dengue fever are sudden onset and rapid fever, which generally lasts for 3 to 5 days, and then can be reduced to normal. Some people show low fever, and some people show high fever, which can reach 40°C. At the same time, it is accompanied by three pains, three red signs and various rash symptoms: headache, orbital pain, muscle and joint pain, general fatigue; flushing of the face, neck and chest, and even conjunctival congestion, superficial lymphadenopathy, and gums for no reason Bleeding etc. The rash is distributed on the extremities, trunk, or head and face, and is congestive or punctate. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea may also occur.
Most patients with dengue fever have mild symptoms and generally recover completely without sequelae. When severe symptoms develop and progress to severe dengue fever, shock, severe hemorrhage, respiratory failure, acute myocarditis or heart failure, acute liver injury, acute renal insufficiency, encephalopathy or encephalitis may occur. If left untreated, it can be life-threatening, resulting in a high mortality rate.
Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention reminds that if you have stayed in Youyou Resource Network in a country or region where dengue fever is endemic in the past two weeks, or have dengue fever in your own city, and have fever, muscle pain, and rash and other symptoms. , You should go to a regular hospital for medical treatment as soon as possible, explain the situation to the doctor and take anti-mosquito measures, so as not to delay the disease and cause further transmission.
Is there any cure for dengue fever?
At present, there is no specific medicine for dengue fever, and supportive and symptomatic treatment is generally adopted. If you are diagnosed with dengue fever by a doctor, you should be isolated in a mosquito-proof room and put on bed rest until the fever subsides. It is better to eat light liquid food or semi-liquid food, pay attention to replenish water, and take medicine according to the doctor’s advice.
How to Prevent Dengue Fever? Is there a corresponding vaccine?
At present, there is no effective vaccine to prevent dengue fever in China, and preventive measures must be taken.
Dengue prevention comes down to one word: “Keep mosquitoes out.” Mosquitoes go through four stages in their life: egg, larva, pupa, and then adult (mosquito). The first three stages, egg, larva and pupa, all live in water. Therefore, cleaning up stagnant water in time is one of the first steps to prevent mosquitoes.
Remove all stagnant water that may breed mosquitoes, including stagnant water in flower pot trays, idle containers, waste tires, water tanks, water tanks and other water containers; fill pits, waste ponds, ditches, bamboo holes, Tree holes and other places where water is easy to accumulate; dredge ditches, silt and weeds on the bank; clean up small garbage containers, garbage plastic film bags, waste bottles, waste cans and other garbage containers.
In addition, personal protection must be done well. Screen doors and windows can be installed at home, and mosquito nets can be used. Avoid staying in the shade of trees, grass, gazebos and other outdoor shaded places during times when mosquitoes are frequent, such as 7-9 am and 4-6 pm; Apply insect repellent to skin and clothing; use insecticides, mosquito coils, electric mosquito swatters, etc. Kill the adult mosquitoes, or stock the tank with mosquitofish.