Hysterical personality disorder (hysterical (acting) personality)
Hysterical (acting) personality
Hysterical personality is also called acting personality.
Symptom introduction
There is a woman who is doing well in work and study, but it is a little different. She always likes to speak loudly, flaunting herself intentionally or unintentionally. In love, she brags about how handsome guys admire her, how they pursue her, and how they make things difficult for them. In order to attract attention, even regardless of personal dignity. And usually moody, laugh when happy, full of energy, a little lost, noisy, tense interpersonal relationship. One day, while she was bragging, a friend reminded her that she suddenly felt unattractive and immediately became depressed and sad. However, being sad is sad, and she will still go her own way in the future.
Her “problem” is a typical histrionic personality disorder. Phenotype personality, also known as hysteria, manifests as immaturity in psychological development, especially immaturity in emotional processes. The biggest characteristic of people with this personality is hypocrisy, excessive emotional expression, and always hope to attract the attention of others. This type of personality disorder is common in women of all ages, especially young and middle-aged women, generally under the age of 25.
There is currently a lack of research on the causes of histrionic personality disorder. It is generally believed that it is related to early family education. Parents’ doting on their children makes the children overprotected, causing the children’s biological age to be inconsistent with their psychological age, and their psychological development seriously lags behind, staying at a certain level in childhood, thus showing the characteristics of a performative personality. In addition, the patient’s psychology is often suggestive and dependent, which may also be one of the reasons for this type of personality.
Symptom characteristics
Historical personality disorder, also known as hysteria or attention-seeking personality disorder, is a kind of excessive emotion Or a personality disorder characterized by exaggerated words and actions to attract the attention of others. People with histrionic personality disorder are often aggressive in their behavior, and they are very concerned about their appearance. This type of person is emotionally exposed, expressive, full of emotions, delicate and artificial, prone to temper tantrums, likes sympathy and pity from others, has changeable emotions, and is easily suggested. Self-centered, sociable, friendly resource *** and self-expression. Too demanding of others without much regard for their interests. Shallow thinking, not used to logical thinking, childish. Females are about twice as likely as males.
Behavioral response patterns
The behavioral response patterns of patients with histrionic personality disorder have the following characteristics:
(1) Lively and outgoing, unwilling to be lonely. For example, in a crowded situation, I like to be the center of attention.
(2) When interacting with people, emotion is better than reason.
(3) These people often follow the latest fashion in strange clothes to attract attention to their bodies.
These people have showmanship. They usually engage with others like theater actors performing on stage. themThe expressions are rich and the dialogue is exaggerated.
(5) Self-centered, only considering their own needs in interpersonal communication, without considering the actual situation of others at the time, which often leads to tense interpersonal relationships.
(6) The intimacy of interpersonal relationships is more than the actual situation. For example, I think I have a lot of close friends, but I don’t. I can only say that this is his wishful thinking.
(7) When interpersonal relationships are frustrated or stressed, it is easy to cause self-injury or suicide. The self-injury behavior is generally mild, often just skin abrasions and so on. , and rarely see deep blood vessels and nerve injuries, there are performance.
(8) Suggestiveness is enhanced, and they are easy to accept the influence of others or the surrounding situation, which is related to their lack of calm and analytical mind in daily life.
According to the opinions of some experts and scholars, as long as there are five of the above eight items, it can be confirmed as a diagnosis of histrionic personality disorder. The more items there are, the more severe the personality disorder will be.
Diagnostic criteria
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (D***-IV), the diagnostic criteria are as follows:
An exaggerated mood and Attention-grabbing patterns that begin in early adolescence. Having five or more of the following characteristics (including five) will be diagnosed as histrionic personality disorder.
1. Feeling uncomfortable if you are not the center of attention;
2. Sexual allure and exaggerated behavioral traits often manifest in interactions with others;
3. Mood changes;
4. Constant attention to one’s appearance;
5. Impressive manner of speaking but empty content;
6. Showing dramatic and exaggerated emotional expressions;
7. Suggestive;
8. Considering the intimacy of relationships with others higher than the actual situation;
Symptom presentation
1. Attractive, dramatic emotion. Such people are often very expressive, have good artistic expression ability, sing, laugh and cry, and have realistic acting skills and certain appeal. Some call them great imitators and performers. They often show excessive affectation and exaggeration, and even put on airs to attract attention.
2. Very suggestive and fantasy. This kind of person not only has strong self-suggestion, but also strong suggestion from others. They always like to fantasize, regard imagination as reality, and use fantasy to stimulate their inner emotional experience when reality is not enough.
3. Mood changes. Such people are emotionally rich and enthusiastic, but less stable; their emotions are hot, but not deep, so their emotions are fickle, and their passions are easily out of balance. In mild cases, there may be emotional reactions, fussing, lack of inherent emotion, almost all emotional activity is reactive. Because of emotional overreactions, they often come across as superficial, insincere, phony, or even pedantic.
4. Sees playing with others as a means to one’s own ends. Play various tricks to bring people into submission, such as self-willedness, coercion, lying, deceit, courtship, flattery, and sometimes even manipulative suicide threats. Their relationships are superficial, warm, intelligent, and fucked up, but in reality they have complete disregard for the needs and interests of others.
5. Highly self-centered. This kind of person likes other people’s attention and praise. Only when he likes himself and pleases everything, will he like himself and show ecstasy; otherwise he will attack others and spare no effort. In addition, these patients also have immature sexual psychology, manifested as sexual frigidity or sexual sensitivity. Female patients often display their sexuality naively, seducing others with overly shy temptations without self-awareness.
Cause analysis
The formation of histrionic personality disorder is related to genes and family environment. Studies have shown that children who grow up in a family background that lacks love and expectations for their children and has a messy sex life are more likely to develop histrionic personality disorder. In addition, histrionic personality disorder is closely related to antisocial personality disorder. Statistical research in the United States shows that 2/3 of patients with histrionic personality disorder have reached the standard of antisocial personality disorder. The personality traits of the two mental disorders are similar, but manifested differently in men and women. Women are more manifested in the “phenotype” personality, while men are more likely to show this latent personality trait in the “antisocial” violent personality.
Treatment
Hidratronic personality disorder is an intractable psychological disorder. Even in the United States, where psychology is the most developed, the effect of clinical treatment is not optimistic. This psychological disorder presents a high suicide rate and is often hospitalized abroad. Psychotherapy can use cognitive behavioral therapy and psychoanalysis to analyze its growth history. However, cognitive behavioral therapy is widely used clinically. Treatment focuses on improving the patient’s interpersonal interactions and teaching them how to express their wants and needs.
At present, there is no good specific treatment method, but it should be treated with a cumulative attitude.
1. Raise awareness and help patients understand their own personality defects. Only by facing yourself squarely can you maximize your strengths and circumvent weaknesses, and adapt to the social environment. If you can’t face up to your own shortcomings, expand yourself, and let yourself go, you will run into walls everywhere, leading to the onset of diseases.
2. Emotional self-regulation. The emotional expression of acting personality is too much, and others often cannot accept it. Therefore, if people with this personality want to change this situation, the first thing to do is to ask their relatives and friends to conduct a survey and listen to their views on this emotional expression. Don’t contradict their opinion. Ask yourself which of these emotions are conscious and which are unconscious. What others like, what others dislike. Resolutely improve what others hate, and moderately express what others like. For unconscious performance, you can write it down, put it in a conspicuous place, and remind yourself from time to time. In addition, you can also ask your friends to remind you at critical moments, or ask your friends to tell youMake an evaluation of your performance today, and then learn from it where your emotional expression has gone too far, so that you can properly control your emotional expression in the future to achieve a natural and moderate effect.
3. Sublimation method. As mentioned earlier, patients with performative personality have certain artistic performance skills. We might as well “follow the crowd” and let them transfer their interest to performing arts, so that the patients’ original accumulated energy can be sublimated in the performance. In fact, many artistic performances have a certain degree of exaggeration. In order to immerse the audience in the plot, actors must impress the audience with their expressions and words. So, for someone with a performance personality, being involved in the performing arts is a very effective way.
Symptoms of personality disorders
1. Paranoid personality disorder:
Doubt and paranoia are the main features. 1. Shows general suspicion, mistrust, or suspicion of the loyalty of others, excessive vigilance, and defensiveness. 2. Strongly aware of the importance of oneself, have a preconceived idea, and interpret what is happening around them as a “conspiracy”, which is not realistic. 3. Overly conceited, thinking that he is right, and blaming others when encountering setbacks and failures. prone to morbid jealousy. 4. Particularly sensitive to setbacks and rejections, unable to understand others, long-standing grievances, frequent disputes with others or indulging in lawsuits, poor interpersonal relationships.
2. Schizophrenia personality disorder:
The main manifestations are strange ideas, appearance, and behavior, obvious defects in interpersonal relationships, and indifference. Lack of enthusiasm for happy events, indifference to people, lack of enthusiasm and interest in life, withdrawn and withdrawn, lack of bosom friends, go their own way, seldom communicate with others, so there are few conflicts with others.
3. Borderline Personality Disorder:
Also known as explosive or aggressive personality disorder. Manifested by marked impulsiveness in behavior and emotion. No premonition, no consideration of consequences, no self-control, easy to conflict with others. You can admit your mistake after the attack, and the intermission is generally normal.
4. Compulsive personality disorder:
Strictness and perfection are the main features. I hope to follow the familiar routine, thinking that nothing will go wrong, and I cannot adapt to new changes. Lack of imagination, not good at taking advantage of opportunities, doing things too cautiously and rigidly, planning repeatedly in advance and checking repeatedly afterwards, never bothering. Indecision and indecision are also one of its characteristics.
5. Histrionic personality disorder:
It is manifested as highly self-centered, excessive emotions, and uses exaggerated words and behaviors to attract attention. The purpose of the behavior is to arouse the sympathy and attention of others.
6. Moral-violating personality disorder:
Also known as antisocial personality disorder, it manifests as disregard for and violation of the rights of others (that is, behavior that does not conform to social norms). Such a person is emotionally cold, lacks compassion, is cold, lacks normal human love; is irritable, and often acts impulsively; rarely feels guilt, lacks guilt, even if he causes pain to others; Responsibility, even violations of law and discipline,happens very often. Although repeated punishment and repeated offenses, it is not easy to accept a lesson and never change after repeated lessons. At the heart of the clinical presentation is a lack of self-control.
7. Narcissistic personality disorder:
This kind of person thinks he is great, usually loves to show off, and likes the attention and praise of others. A good “top-notch” only pays attention to his own rights and does not fulfill his obligations. They never consider the interests of others, ask others to do what they want to do, use others by any means, regardless of the impact on their own reputation. Such people lack empathy and cannot understand the feelings of others.
8. Avoidant Personality Disorder:
A personality disorder characterized by social inhibition, emotional discomfort, and sensitivity to negative evaluations of friend resources, characterized by social withdrawal.
9. Schizophrenia Personality Disorder:
Personality disorder patients are characterized by being withdrawn from society, expressing obvious limitations when communicating with others, and usually rarely using smiles, nodding and body action in response.
10. Dependent Personality Disorder:
Is a personality disorder characterized by obedience and attachment behaviors associated with an excessive need for caregiving. Its main characteristic is excessive dependence on others, and the reason for this self-dilution is the fear of abandonment.